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To support the various communications needs of scholars and to publish, promote, and preserve the scholarly record, Michigan Publishing provides hosting services for and publishes scholarly publications with various and sometimes complicated copyright arrangements. This policy discusses the terms under which these publications may be accessed and used.

For all publications, you are free to cite and link to digital content without asking for permission.

Most publications from Michigan Publishing are protected by copyright, and many of these are made available under a Creative Commons license that lets you make certain uses of the work without seeking permission. Furthermore, Michigan Publishing recognizes and encourages fair use and similar copyright provisions in jurisdictions outside the United States, which also allows for certain uses of the work without seeking permission. For more information on fair use in US copyright law, see the section on [http://www.lib.umich.edu/copyright/using-copyrighted-material using copyrighted material] of the [http://www.lib.umich.edu/copyright/ Copyright at the University of Michigan] website.

If the work is protected by copyright and you want to make use of the work in a way not allowed by the Creative Commons license and not deemed to be a fair use, or if no Creative Commons license is attached, you will need to contact the copyright holder. The copyright may be held by the author of the work or by the organization sponsoring the publication; if you contact Michigan Publishing, we'll check our records or forward your inquiry to someone who should be able to answer that question.

There are a few digital projects hosted by Michigan Publishing that contain public-domain content. Except when specified in terms of use for a particular publication, users are free to download, copy, and distribute works in the public domain without asking for permission. To determine whether a work is in the public domain, see the section on the [http://fairuse.stanford.edu/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Overview/chapter8/index.html public domain] of the [http://fairuse.stanford.edu/ Copyright & Fair Use site of Stanford University Libraries]. If you reproduce or republish public domain content from our collections, please give appropriate attribution.